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Vitamin C, ferulic acid and friends — what topical antioxidants do, and what they cannot do.
6 articles
Rosehip oil has a reputation that outpaces its evidence — but not by as much as you might expect. Here's what the research actually supports, where the gaps are, and how to use it well.
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Caffeine is the star ingredient in most eye creams, promising to banish dark circles and puffiness overnight. The reality is more nuanced — it does something genuine, but not quite what the packaging suggests.
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Alpha arbutin is one of the gentler options for fading dark marks and evening out skin tone — but gentler also means slower, and the evidence has limits worth knowing about.
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Niacinamide (vitamin B3) has become a skincare darling — appearing in everything from serums to sunscreens, praised as a solution for nearly every skin concern.
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Vitamin C is one of the most researched skincare ingredients — and one of the most confusing.
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Antioxidants get pitched as a redness cure-all, but the evidence for calming inflamed, reactive skin is real for only a handful of them — and even then, it's supporting evidence, not a treatment.
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